Ancient times įurther information: Polynesian navigation and Austronesian expansion A replica of the Kyrenia ship, a 4th century BC Greek merchant ship The rock art at Valle, Norway depicts a carving of a more than 4 meter long boat and it is dated to be 10,000 to 11,000 years old. The Pesse canoe is the oldest physical object that can date the use of watercraft, but the oldest depiction of a watercraft is from Norway. : 26 One of the oldest known boats to be found, is the Pesse canoe, and carbon dating has estimated its construction from 8040BC to 7510BC. ![]() We do not know what seafaring predated the milestone of the first settling of Australia. ![]() Functional maritime technology was required to progress between the many islands of Wallacea before making this crossing. We know, for instance that a sea voyage had to have been made to reach Greater Australia ( Sahul) c. Little evidence remains that would pinpoint when the first seafarer made their journey. Watercraft such as rafts and boats have been used far into pre-historic times and possibly even by Homo erectus more than a million years ago crossing straits between landmasses. This move is sometimes associated with Marcus Rediker and Black Atlantic studies, but most recently has emerged from the International Association for the History of Transport, Traffic and Mobilities (T2M) See also: Historiography related articles below Prehistoric times This includes a post-1980s turn towards the study of human users of ships (which involves sociology, cultural geography, gender studies and narrative studies) and post-2000 turn towards seeing sea travel as part of the wider history of transport and mobilities. But revisionist scholars are creating new turns in the study of maritime history. One approach to maritime history writing has been nicknamed 'rivet counting' because of a focus on the minutiae of the vessel. Inland waterways are included within 'maritime history,' especially inland seas such as the Great Lakes of North America, and major navigable rivers and canals worldwide. ![]() Typically, studies of merchant shipping and of defensive navies are seen as separate fields. Dear and Peter Kemp, eds., Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2nd ed. ABC-CLIO, 2002) with 1500 articles in 1231, pages, and I. Other major reference resources are Spencer Tucker, ed., Naval Warfare: An International Encyclopedia (3 vol. It contains over 900 articles by 400 scholars and runs 2900 pages. Hattendorf, Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History (Oxford, 2007). For a broad overview, see the four-volume encyclopedia edited by John B. Based in Canada with an international editorial board, it explores the maritime dimensions of economic, social, cultural, and environmental history. A leading journal is International Journal of Maritime History, a fully refereed scholarly journal published twice a year by the International Maritime Economic History Association. Historians from many lands have published monographs, popular and scholarly articles, and collections of archival resources. There are a number of approaches to the field, sometimes divided into two broad categories: Traditionalists, who seek to engage a small audience of other academics, and Utilitarians, who seek to influence policy makers and a wider audience. Maritime history is the broad overarching subject that includes fishing, whaling, international maritime law, naval history, the history of ships, ship design, shipbuilding, the history of navigation, the history of the various maritime-related sciences ( oceanography, cartography, hydrography, etc.), sea exploration, maritime economics and trade, shipping, yachting, seaside resorts, the history of lighthouses and aids to navigation, maritime themes in literature, maritime themes in art, the social history of sailors and passengers and sea-related communities. Nautical history records and interprets past events involving ships, shipping, navigation, and seafarers. ![]() As an academic subject, it often crosses the boundaries of standard disciplines, focusing on understanding humankind's various relationships to the oceans, seas, and major waterways of the globe. It covers a broad thematic element of history that often uses a global approach, although national and regional histories remain predominant. Maritime history is the study of human interaction with and activity at sea. Study of human activity at sea Magic and Gracie off Castle Garden, painted by James E.
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